If you get a cut on your skin, stem cells in your blood go to that cut. Ĭell therapy is simply helping your body do what is does naturally. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no functionhas been elucidated. The haploid human genome contains approximately 20,000 protein-coding genes, significantly fewer than had been anticipated. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Īlthough the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution.

The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes. Chromosomes are shown aligned at theirĬentromeres. This drawing shows both the female (XX) and male (XY) versions of theĢ3rd chromosome pair. Karyotype, showing the organization of the genome into chromosomes. Graphical representation of the idealized human diploid

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